• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Es soll ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur kontinuierlichen Gewinnung von Metallen bzw. Metallcarbiden durch thermische Reduktion angegeben werden. Dabei wird eine Mischung aus Metalloxid und Kohlenstoff agglomeriert, jedes Stück Agglomerat mit Kohlenstoff und/oder Grafit ummantelt und die so hergestellten Körper in dicht gepackter Schüttung verkokt und zum Metallcarbid reduziert. Die Extraktion des Metalls kann anschließend mit einem Halogenid desselben Metalls durchgeführt werden.
    公开号:SU1048981A3
    申请号:SU802979299
    申请日:1980-08-28
    公开日:1983-10-15
    发明作者:Вилькенинг Зигфрид
    申请人:Ферайнигте Алюминиум-Верке Аг (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to powder metallurgy, in particular to methods for producing carbides from hard-to-recover metal oxides, and can be used to produce aluminum carbide, which is. intermediate for aluminum in metallurgy.
    A known method for producing carbide from high-enthalpy oxides by granulating metal oxide, surrounding its carbon-containing mother, ale, and heating to a temperature of reduction in resistance furnaces L U The disadvantage of this method is the impossibility of organizing a continuous process.
    The closest to the proposed technical essence is a method of producing a metal carbide, including agglomerating nopoiuKoo6 different mixtures, carbide-forming oxide with carbon black or graphite, burning and restoring the agglomerates to 1500-21OO C with indirect heating and continuous movement of them with the introduction of non-reactive (gas into the stream of agglomerates and cooling of the pro, “duct to a temperature below 40 ° C 2.
    The disadvantage of the known method is the high power consumption, which is associated with the fact that, with indirect heating, when carbide is reduced, heat dissipation due to thermal conductivity and undesirable thermal radiation occur,
    The closest to the proposed furnace is a furnace for heat treatment of carbon-containing materials containing a vertical refractory shaft with successively placed preheating and firing chambers and a high-temperature chamber with vertical electrodes installed in the upper part of chamber 13.
    The drawbacks of the device are uneven heating of the reaction mixture, resulting in incomplete recovery, as well as high power consumption associated with the vertical position of the electrodes, ensuring that the heating in the preheating chamber is heated.
    . The purpose of the invention is to reduce energy consumption and ensure uniform heating. . .
    The goal is achieved by a 4fo mixture of alumina and. the carbon-containing material is agglomerated, a layer of carbon-containing material is applied to the agglomerates, subjected to calcination with indirect heating and then heat treatment at 1950–: passing an electric current through continuously moving agglomerates. .
    The difference of the proposed method lies in the fact that a layer of carbon-containing material is preliminarily applied to the agglomerates and heat treatment is carried out at 1950-20. by passing an electric current through the agglomerates.
    The furnace for producing metal carbide contains a vertical refractory shaft with a firing chamber successively placed in it, in the walls of which there are channels for supplying a gas heat transfer fluid and a high-temperature chamber made expanding downwards with electrodes, one of which is installed in the hearth center, and others in the side walls of the high-temperature chamber.
    The distinction of the proposed furnace is that the channels for supplying the gas heat carrier are made in the walls of the firing chamber, and the high-temperature chamber is expanded downwards, one of the electrodes is installed in the hearth in the center, and the others in the side walls of the high-temperature chamber,
    Putting a layer of carbon-containing material on the agglomerates makes it possible to use the OS. Directly heating the agglomerates by passing an electric current of the Worm's carbon-containing coating without dissipating or radiating heat, which reduces energy costs by 20-30%. Another function of the layer is to serve as a compact, durable shell within which the reduction process with carbide reversal takes place. This recovery process is associated with significant changes in volume and mass, however, due to the strength of the burnt native shell, heating by passing current is not disturbed, ensures uniform heating of the entire reactive charge on one side and allows the process to run strictly at 1950-2050 s, when aluminum losses due to evaporation and formation of gaseous aluminum suboxides are minimal
    The location of the electrodes in the high-temperature chamber of the furnace makes it possible to carry out the inaccuracy of the method and uniform heating of the agglomerates. The provision of preheating due to flue gases from the high-temperature chamber, for which channels for supplying a heat-exchange gas coolant are provided in the walls of the indirect heating chamber, reduces energy consumption.
    The drawing shows a furnace — for the production of a carburethane, longitudinal section.
    The furnace contains a vertical refractory shaft 1 with successively placed pre-heating chamber 2 and high-temperature chamber 3. In the upper part of chamber 2 there is a funnel 4 with a conical back thief 5 for feeding agglomerates and inclined windows 6 for outputting roe gas, in chamber 2 branch pipes 7 for supplying heated air to the heating channel 8, made in the wall 9 of the chamber 2. In the wall 9, a channel 10 is made to remove flue gases from the heating channel 8. The gas flow distributor with a control valve 11 disposed in oblique windows 6 chamber 2. The high temperature compartment 3 is flared downwards, and one electrode 12 made of electrographite and Nun chenny on water cooled rod 13 is centered in its hearth chamber. The side electrodes 14 on the water-cooled rods x 15 are spaced in the side walls of the high-temperature chamber 3. The inside of the chamber 3 is lined with coal layer 16 and the heat-insulating layer 17 is made of ceramic fire-resistant material, and the outside of the high-temperature chamber 3 is made channels 19 for unloading the product, expelled from the inside with refractory material 20. Channel 19 communicates with the vibrating channel 21. The proposed device works in the following way. The mixture of alumina with carbon-containing material in the form of agglomerates enclosed in a carbon-containing shell enters through the funnel 4 and the gate 5 and is fed into chamber 2. In chamber 2, the agglomerates are coked, which is accompanied by cracking of the gaseous products. gas from the high-temperature chamber 3, which is mainly carbon monoxide, the gaseous products leave chamber 2 through inclined windows 6 and main 22. Part of the gas mixture is directed to the heating channel 8. in the walls of the chambers 2, which serves as a means of indirect heating of the chamber. Along the nozzles 7, heated air is supplied to the channel 8, where the reducing gases are burned due to which indirect heating is carried out, the temperature in the lower part of chamber 2 reaches the DPS. The hot exhaust gases leave channel 8 through channel 10 and are directed to a heat exchanger for preheating air (not shown). The distribution of the gas flow into the heating channel 8 and the main 22 is controlled by the valve 11. From the chamber 2, the compressed solid agglomerates fall into the internal cavity of the high-temperature chamber 3, the electric current to be heated (recovered), variable or constant, to provide the temperature 19502050 0. In this case, in a mixture of alumina powders with a carbon-containing material, aluminum carbide is formed under the carbon sheath. The formed aluminum carbide enclosed in a sheath of carbon-containing material is discharged through the channels 19 and the vibrating channel 21. The exit temperature is about 1500leoo c. Disk devices or screw conveyors can be used instead of vibravolts. Aluminum carbide is unloaded when isolated from air. P. r and meer. 100 parts of powdered alumina with a maximum particle size of 10 Ohms are transferred from 24 hours of ground coke and crushed into powder. 46 hours Electro-pitch with softening temperature. TZ / s. Mixing is carried out in a heated mixer of approximately 180 C. of graphite or petroleum coke powder and pitch on a stamping press of the stamp | Fuyut-. short cylindrical sleeves serving as a carbon-containing layer for the reaction mixture. The reaction mixture is pressed into the carbon-containing liner at a specific pressure of 5 N / µg. The outer diameter of the sleeves is 50 mm, the wall thickness is 4 mm., The length of the sleeves is 100 mm. One sleeve contains approximately 110 cm of fresh reaction mixture, which corresponds to approximately 200 g. Graphite or carbon-containing shells / filled with a mixture of alumina, oil, coke oil and pitch are loaded into the firing chamber, which has an inner diameter of -1 5 m and a height of 8 m and is heated by gas from the outside, the agglomerates slowly move downwards and are heated to a temperature of about 1010 ° С, measured at the lower exit of the firing chamber. During the process of indirect heating pitch St. Sugar is coked to form about 65% coke in the residue. 30 wt. hours of coke from the original 46 hours of pitch. Thus, as a result of coking, the mixture contains 65 wt. including alumina and 35 wt. including carbon. At the bottom of the high-temperature chamber V, the agglomerates are heated to a temperature of 1 l on the order of 1950-2000 ° C. An electric current of 50 KA with a voltage of 60 V is passed directly through graphite sleeves, serving as
    权利要求:
    Claims (2)
    [1]
    1 * A method of producing metal carbide, mainly aluminum carbide, comprising agglomerating a mixture of alumina powders and carbon-containing material, firing during indirect heating and subsequent heat treatment with continuous movement of agglomerates, characterized in that in order to reduce energy consumption and ensure uniform heating, A layer of carbon-containing material is preliminarily applied to the agglomerates, and heat treatment is carried out at 1950–2050 ° С by passing an electric current through the agglomerates.
    [2]
    2. A furnace for producing metal carbide, comprising a vertical 'refractory shaft with a firing chamber sequentially placed in it and a high-temperature chamber with electrodes, characterized in that, in order to reduce energy consumption and ensure uniform heating, the walls of the firing chamber are made channels for supplying a gas coolant ^ a high-temperature chamber is made. expanding downward, one of the electrodes is installed in the hearth in the center and the other in the side walls of the high-temperature chamber.
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    同族专利:
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    CH226053A|1940-10-19|1943-03-15|Ig Farbenindustrie Ag|Process for sintering fine-grained starting materials.|
    CH261162A|1947-10-25|1949-04-30|Aluminium Ind Ag|Process for the production of aluminum.|
    NL82125C|1951-12-19|
    US2867525A|1955-08-01|1959-01-06|Harvey Machine Co Inc|Agglomerating finely divided aluminum smelting mixtures|
    US2975049A|1956-01-05|1961-03-14|Phoenix Steel Corp|Method for producing titanium|
    US3135696A|1959-09-03|1964-06-02|Pechiney Prod Chimiques Sa|Process for the preparation of aluminum oxide and carbon based briquettes|
    DE1143029B|1960-05-06|1963-01-31|Union Carbide Corp|Pellets for metallurgical reduction processes and processes for their manufacture|
    DE1173665B|1961-09-09|1964-07-09|Vaw Ver Aluminium Werke Ag|Process for the extraction of aluminum|
    DE1182836B|1962-01-02|1964-12-03|Aluminium Lab Ltd|Process and shaft furnace for the extraction of aluminum from an aluminum-containing material by subhalide distillation|
    DE1926364C3|1968-06-26|1980-10-09|Union Carbide Corp., New York, N.Y. |Process for the production of agglomerates from carbides of vanadium, niobium, tantalum or titanium|
    US4072512A|1970-11-11|1978-02-07|Brusako Jury Ivanovich|Charge for manufacturing aluminium-silicon alloys|
    JPS4936848B1|1970-12-30|1974-10-03|
    US3929456A|1972-05-05|1975-12-30|Reynolds Metals Co|Carbothermic production of aluminum|
    NL7315931A|1972-12-04|1974-06-06|
    JPS5152917A|1974-11-05|1976-05-11|Japan Metals & Chem Co Ltd|
    US4080508A|1976-03-17|1978-03-21|Greenewald Jr Herbert|Manufacture of carbides and the like|
    US4216010A|1979-01-31|1980-08-05|Reynolds Metals Company|Aluminum purification system|JPS6033888B2|1982-08-24|1985-08-06|Kogyo Gijutsuin|
    US4519048A|1982-12-08|1985-05-21|Pitney Bowes Inc.|Postage meter system for communicating platen movement to a microprocessor to signal completion of printing|
    DE3644057A1|1986-12-22|1988-06-30|Vaw Ver Aluminium Werke Ag|METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE THERMAL AND / OR REDUCING TREATMENT OF SOLID, GRAIN AND / OR AGGLOMERED INSERT MATERIALS|
    JPS63199833A|1987-02-13|1988-08-18|Tosoh Corp|Manufacture of high-purity metallic chromium|
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    US7704443B2|2007-12-04|2010-04-27|Alcoa, Inc.|Carbothermic aluminum production apparatus, systems and methods|
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    JP5387486B2|2009-10-08|2014-01-15|新日鐵住金株式会社|Carbon-coated aluminum carbide and method for producing the same|
    KR20130063501A|2010-05-20|2013-06-14|다우 코닝 코포레이션|Method and system for producing an aluminum-silicon alloy|
    RU2524408C1|2012-11-26|2014-07-27|Александр Сергеевич Буйновский|Lining of retorts for production of metals and alloys by metal-thermal reducing fusion|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE2948640A|DE2948640C2|1979-12-04|1979-12-04|Process and device for the thermal extraction of aluminum|
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